![]() You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. We link primary sources - including studies, scientific references, and statistics - within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. More research in this area will be necessary to establish whether pupil dilation is a sign of attraction or a result of other factors, such as hormones or involuntary bodily responses. It could be easy to mistake paying attention for attraction. For example, research also suggests that paying attention to something can influence pupil size. However, many other factors can also affect pupil dilation. It could be a result of hormonal changes. It remains unclear why pupil dilation might be involved in attraction. A study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that pupil size changes play a role in trust formation. There is also some evidence to suggest that pupil dilation may indicate trust. The study therefore suggests that hormonal changes could influence arousal and pupil dilation. This did not occur in women taking birth control pills. Women not taking birth control pills had dilated pupils while viewing arousing pictures during ovulation. Half of the women were taking hormonal birth control pills. One study recruited 14 women to view arousing pictures on a computer screen on different occasions. Pupil size also appears to respond to hormonal changes. The researchers found that it was possible to determine sexual interest from the size and darkness of the pupils. The team showed that bisexual men and heterosexual women had dilated pupils in response to erotic videos that included people of either sex.Īnother study, this time in the journal Evolution and Human Behavior, focused on associations between pupil dilation and sexual attraction. The study found that erotic videos led to pupil dilation in the participants. The researchers played erotic videos to the participants while monitoring their pupil size. Some research suggests that pupil dilation is one of these involuntary responses to arousal or attraction.įor example, one 2012 study recruited 325 men and women with varying sexual orientations. The autonomic nervous system triggers various involuntary responses during emotions, such as fear or arousal. Changes in emotion might cause pupil dilation. This can be a result of the fight-or-flight response, which is involuntary.Įye contact has long been central to human interactions. In other cases, the pupil might change throughout the day.įor example, emotions such as anxiety may also cause changes in pupil size. For example, someone with congenital aniridia will have larger pupils all the time, due to a deficiency of the surrounding iris. In some cases, the pupils will dilate permanently. ![]()
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